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Tybee belongs to the ancestral land of the Yuchi (Euchee) tribe now based in Oklahoma. Following occupation by the Spanish and French, it became a military outpost, its positioning along the Savannah River making it a strategic location during the Revolutionary War, Spanish-American War, Civil War, and World Wars I and II. Within the past two centuries it has developed into a popular tourist destination and features one of the oldest operating lighthouses in the country.

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The original Tybee Pier and Pavillion stood for three-quarters of a century and was a landmark on the South Atlantic Ocean. It was built in 1891 be the Center of Georgia Railroad and served as an entertainment district. A fire destroyed the original pier in 1967. The second pavilion was built and dedicated on August 9, 1996. This pavilion, at the end of Tybrisa Street and near South Beach, has a pier for fishing and picnic tables open to the public.

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Channel connecting Tybee Creek to the mouth of the Savannah River. Its name refers to the 18th lazaretto (\"quarantine station\") that was constructed on Tybee to attend to ill sailors and enslaved individuals, as a reversal of anti-slavery laws had been enacted in the same mandate.

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A lighthouse on Tybee was one of the first public structures in Georgia. Completed in 1736 by William Blithman of cedar piles and brickwork, its 90 foot height made it the loftiest in America. Destroyed in a storm, it was replaced by another built by Thomas Sumner in 1742 which Oglethorpe called \"much the best Building of that kind in America.\" It was almost entirely rebuilt in 1757 by Cornelius McCarty and James Weyms. In 1773 John Mulryne built the third lighthouse on a third site. The Mulryne lighthouse forms the base of the present structure, making part of it of Colonial construction. In 1791 Georgia ceded it with 5 acres to the Federal government. Partially destroyed by the Irish Jasper Greens of Savannah during Union occupation of the island, it was repaired and today is one of the famous lighthouses on the Eastern seaboard.

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Tybee Creek is a waterway on Tybee Island, Georgia that flows along the island's south shore and empties into the Atlantic Ocean. It is part of the Southeast Coast Saltwater Paddling Trail. The creek separates Tybee and Little Tybee Island.

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North Beach on Tybee Island features a historical lighthouse and the marine science center.

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In 1733, General James Oglethorpe, representing the Georgia Trustees, established the colony of Georgia. Located approximately eighteen miles away from the colonial capital Savannah, Tybee Island was fundamental to the development of the Georgia colony as it guarded the river used by ships as an entrance to Savannah. Following the repeal of the ban on African slavery in Georgia in 1749, Savannah became involved with the Atlantic slave trade. Because of Tybee’s proximity and importance to Savannah, the island played an imperative role in colonial slavery.

The term lazaretto, which is Italian in origin, is best defined as “pest” or “quarantine house.” The act of quarantining is traced to the late Middle Ages and the emergence of epidemic diseases, such as the bubonic plague. During the early years of quarantine, ships arriving from known areas of outbreaks were required to remain anchored off the coast of port cities for a certain period before passengers were allowed to disembark. Later, many American port cities established quarantine stations, or lazarettos, which housed people with possible diseases from the incoming ships until they no longer carried disease.

The first quarantine station in Savannah was established in the 1760s on the west end of Tybee Island, located by what is now known as Lazaretto Creek. Following the legalization of slavery in 1750 and the increased demand for enslaved labor on rice and sea island cotton plantations, Savannah’s merchants and planters directly imported slaves from West Africa on commercial vessels. Because of the extreme confinement and the lengthy voyage from West Africa to Savannah, the enslaved were subject to harsh conditions, often resulting in malnutrition and disease. To quarantine the enslaved who were at high-risk of spreading diseases, city officials built a quarantine facility, along with a keeper’s house, on Tybee Island in 1767. After physicians inspected the incoming ships for signs of diseases, the ill passengers, who were mostly enslaved, would be transferred to the Lazaretto and would remain quarantined there to allow the disease to pass. Those who did not survive were buried in unmarked graves near Lazaretto on the west end of Tybee. Tybee Island’s Lazaretto was used until October 1785, when it was reported to be in ruinous conditions.

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Raised Tybee Cottage",[673],"

This site is on the National Register of Historical Places.

","E000442",[678,679],"House","Historical Site",[],[],[],[],[],{"_41":686,"_43":687},31.99566,-80.85382,"67384883-a116-4c8e-b907-fb031b8bba88","dutton-waller-raised-tybee-cottage",[],[687,686,687,686],[],{"_45":694,"_695":696},"GeometryCollection","geometries",[697],{"_45":53,"_54":698},[687,686],[700],{"_68":72,"_19":701},"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5317548",{"_7":8,"_9":10,"_11":703,"_13":704,"_15":705,"_17":-5,"_19":706,"_21":707,"_24":709,"_26":710,"_28":711,"_136":712,"_173":713,"_175":714,"_39":715,"_32":718,"_37":719,"_264":720,"_272":721,"_278":722,"_51":723,"_45":708,"_47":-5,"_49":727},"Tybee Island Back River Historic District",[703],"

Along Chatham Avenue, from Tybee River to Venetian Drive. This site is on the National Register of Historical Places.

","E000486",[708,679],"District","Camden County",[],[],[],[],[],{"_41":716,"_43":717},31.990833,-80.8525,"f66c9c6a-8476-475c-b790-c9c0ac539c94","tybee-island-back-river-historic-district",[],[717,716,717,716],[],{"_45":694,"_695":724},[725],{"_45":53,"_54":726},[717,716],[],{"_7":8,"_9":10,"_11":729,"_13":730,"_15":731,"_17":-5,"_19":732,"_21":733,"_24":25,"_26":735,"_28":736,"_136":737,"_173":738,"_175":739,"_39":740,"_32":743,"_37":744,"_264":745,"_272":746,"_278":747,"_51":748,"_45":734,"_47":-5,"_49":750},"Live Oak Public Library System (Tybee Island Branch)",[729],"

This public library on Tybee Island is one of sixteen in the Live Oak Public Library system.

","2502415",[734],"Library",[],[],[147],[],[],{"_41":741,"_43":742},32.0083,-80.8434,"dade107c-f5c8-48a4-aa7d-433ed77c8018","live-oak-public-library-system-tybee-island-branch",[],[742,741,742,741],[],{"_45":53,"_54":749},[742,741],[],{"_7":8,"_9":10,"_11":752,"_13":753,"_15":754,"_17":-5,"_19":755,"_21":756,"_24":25,"_26":757,"_28":758,"_136":762,"_173":763,"_175":764,"_39":777,"_32":780,"_37":781,"_264":782,"_272":785,"_278":786,"_51":787,"_45":85,"_47":-5,"_49":791},"Tybee Island Light Station & Museum",[752],"

The Tybee Island Lighthouse was originally constructed in 1736 by the direction of Noble James of Wormsloe Plantation. The first octagonal construction was made of brickwork and cedar piles without a light. In August of 1741, the lighthouse was swept away in a storm. In 1742, the second daymark on Tybee was constructed. Due to a need to move the lighthouse due to sea encroachment, a new lighthouse was completed in 1773. In 1791, the addition of the day-mark light was installed. In 1861, the lighthouse was destroyed by a fire during the Civil War by the Confederate troops. After the Civil War, the lower portion was still intact and was rebuilt and it is the current lighthouse made of metal and masonry that stands today.

","E000012",[85],[],[759,760],{"_11":92,"_32":93,"_15":94,"_35":95},{"_11":12,"_32":263,"_15":16,"_35":761},4182,[147],[],[765,768,771,774],{"_178":-5,"_11":766,"_32":767},"Tybee Island Lighthouse Aerial","e622968e-b11f-4d31-9e9b-4292b194ff0b",{"_178":-5,"_11":769,"_32":770},"Historic Tybee Island Light Station","27567bed-dd21-4c44-bd0b-83be1c0be810",{"_178":-5,"_11":772,"_32":773},"Lighthouse Buildings","47ba3b35-4978-47b4-8876-989930e11b94",{"_178":190,"_11":775,"_32":776},"Lighthouse Ground View","b2779422-1ca6-414c-8ab9-a831d6bc08b2",{"_41":778,"_43":779},32.02234003048269,-80.84571297079972,"4701d33f-3d7d-4f73-a8a4-b05a4c058496","tybee-island-light-station-museum",[783],{"_267":175,"_19":784},"https://coredata.ecds.io/core_data/public/v1/places/4701d33f-3d7d-4f73-a8a4-b05a4c058496/manifests/0fbeaac4-45a3-4767-b9bc-7674632a8be1",[779,778,779,778],[],{"_45":694,"_695":788},[789],{"_45":53,"_54":790},[779,778],[],{"_7":8,"_9":10,"_11":793,"_13":794,"_15":795,"_17":-5,"_19":796,"_21":797,"_24":25,"_26":798,"_28":799,"_136":811,"_173":812,"_175":813,"_39":814,"_32":817,"_37":818,"_264":819,"_272":820,"_278":821,"_51":822,"_45":708,"_47":-5,"_49":826},"Fort Screven Historic District",[793],"

Bounded by Tilton, Butler, Van Horn, Railroad and Alger Avenues., and Pulaski Road. This site is on the National Register of Historical Places.

","E000450",[708,679],[],[800,805,806],{"_11":801,"_32":802,"_15":803,"_35":804},"Fort Screven","ebc490f9-29a3-4ceb-9f17-cf91481808d5","

The Legislature of Georgia in 1786 passed a law providing for a fort on Cockspur or Tybee Island to be named in honor of General James Screven, Revolutionary War hero. It was never built by the state. In 1808, the Federal government obtained jurisdiction over the property on Tybee Island now known as Fort Screven Reservation. Actual title was acquired in 1875, and the post, established in 1898, was in continuous use from the Spanish-American War through both World Wars. Primarily a Coast Artillery fort, at one time Fort Fremont in South Carolina was under its jurisdiction. It became an Infantry post and finally a school for deep-sea diving. Many distinguished officers saw duty here, including General George C. Marshall as colonel in command. In 1945 Fort Screven was declared surplus by the War Department and acquired by the town of Savannah Beach. This site is on the National Register of Historical Places.

",4268,{"_11":12,"_32":263,"_15":16,"_35":761},{"_11":807,"_32":808,"_15":809,"_35":810},"General James Screven Killed in Battle Here","793dff8e-ca29-46bd-a2d8-d2bd46f55eb6","

On November 24, 1778, General James Screven was mortally wounded in a battle fought near this spot. James Screven (1744-1778) was a public official and Revolutionary War hero. At this site in Liberty County, he was fighting the British near Midway Church.

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Also known as The Strand, this is a historic district on Tybee Island, Georgia including 18 cottages, walkways, landscape and other features that are largely unchanged since the historic era of Tybee Island as a coastal resort. This site is on the National Register of Historical Places.

","E000487",[708,679],[],[],[],[],[],{"_41":867,"_43":868},31.996389,-80.846944,"75f1e97d-7285-47e5-b699-23ba37104508","tybee-island-strand-cottages-historic-district",[],[868,867,868,867],[],{"_45":694,"_695":875},[876],{"_45":53,"_54":877},[868,867],[879],{"_68":72,"_19":880},"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7859696",{"_7":8,"_9":10,"_11":882,"_13":883,"_15":884,"_17":-5,"_19":885,"_21":886,"_24":25,"_26":888,"_28":889,"_136":890,"_173":891,"_175":892,"_39":901,"_32":904,"_37":905,"_264":906,"_272":909,"_278":910,"_51":911,"_45":887,"_47":-5,"_49":913},"Tybee Battery Garland & Tybee Island Museum",[882],"

The Battery Garland was approved by the Georgia Legislature in 1786. It is named after Revolutionary War Hero, General James Screven. Fort Screven did not come to fruition until 100 years later. The fort served as a point of military defense for the mouth of the Savannah River. The fort operated until the end of World War II. It currently houses the Tybee Island Museum.

","E000011",[887],"Museum",[],[],[147],[],[893,896,899],{"_178":-5,"_11":894,"_32":895},"Battery Garland","5d0825a1-cdb9-4260-b731-a0828b463bc0",{"_178":-5,"_11":897,"_32":898},"Fort Screven Battery Garland","2f193813-6288-4121-a69b-c34d24fd1398",{"_178":190,"_11":897,"_32":900},"80e9f291-0a48-4c7b-9c45-4595616257b6",{"_41":902,"_43":903},32.0213,-80.844,"cbf5adce-bb4b-4639-b6ee-a8076e55b80a","tybee-battery-garland-tybee-island-museum",[907],{"_267":175,"_19":908},"https://coredata.ecds.io/core_data/public/v1/places/cbf5adce-bb4b-4639-b6ee-a8076e55b80a/manifests/0fbeaac4-45a3-4767-b9bc-7674632a8be1",[903,902,903,902],[],{"_45":53,"_54":912},[903,902],[],{"_7":8,"_9":10,"_11":915,"_13":916,"_15":675,"_17":-5,"_19":917,"_21":918,"_24":25,"_26":919,"_28":920,"_136":921,"_173":922,"_175":923,"_39":924,"_32":927,"_37":928,"_264":929,"_272":930,"_278":931,"_51":932,"_45":678,"_47":-5,"_49":936},"Edgar A. Weil House",[915],"E000490",[678,679],[],[],[],[],[],{"_41":925,"_43":926},31.99701,-80.853959,"d2f7dc82-e675-4ac1-8259-236d2aa08390","edgar-a-weil-house",[],[926,925,926,925],[],{"_45":694,"_695":933},[934],{"_45":53,"_54":935},[926,925],[],{"_7":8,"_9":10,"_11":938,"_13":939,"_15":940,"_17":-5,"_19":941,"_21":942,"_24":25,"_26":943,"_28":944,"_136":945,"_173":947,"_175":948,"_39":949,"_32":952,"_37":953,"_264":954,"_272":955,"_278":956,"_51":957,"_45":130,"_47":-5,"_49":959},"Savannah Beach",[938],"

Residential and commercial district along the beach of Tybee Island. It has been a popular tourist destination since the 1870s.

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Horse Pen Creek is on Tybee Island and connects to Tybee Creek.

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Fire department serving Tybee Island.

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Tybee Island's city hall building, constructed in the 1930s.

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The Fogarty-Hosti Cottage circa 1908 was relocated from Butler Street to the Tybee Island Light Station and Museum in 2010. The Cottage is an example of early 1900s seasonal summer homes of wealthy residents of Savannah fleeing from the summer heat.

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Museum at Fort Screven. Notable features of the site include the Tybee Island Lighthouse (built in 1773) and Battery Garland, one of several gun batteries constructed along the island's coast in the 1850s.

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Police station located on Tybee Island, providing law enforcement and emergency services.

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Between February 21 and April 9, 1862, Federal troops under Gen. Quincy A. Gillmore erected 36 guns in 11 batteries, extending eastwardly on Tybee Island from Lazeretto [sic] Creek opposite Fort Pulaski. Two of the Federal batteries consisted of rifled cannon. The work was carried on under cover of darkness and was concealed by day behind a camouflage of branches and brushwood. The Fort was defended by a garrison of 385 men under Col. Charles H. Olmstead of Savannah. Twenty of the 48 guns faced the Federal batteries, but when the bombardment of the fort began from the shore the defenders of the Fort found that they were of insufficient range to damage the attackers. After a continuous bombardment of 30 hours the walls were breached, and the Fort was surrendered. It was the first effective use of rifled cannon against a masonry fortification and thus marked an epoch in military history.

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One of six battery areas of Fort Screven constructed between 1897 and 1900 as coastal fortification for the Spanish-American War. Battery Habersham is \"M\"-shaped, containing eight twelve-inch mortars. During WWII, Habersham was changed to mount anti-aircraft guns with two observation towers for fire-control officers.

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Hotel on Tybee Island.

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Tybee Island Marine Science Center is located on North Beach of the island. The center's mission is \"to cultivate a responsible stewardship of coastal Georgia's natural resources through education, conservation, and research.\" In addition to the educational and interactive exhibits, the center hosts talks and tours. One reptile that the center monitors is the Loggerhead Sea Turtle (Caretta caretta) which is listed as endangered on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List. These sea turtles face threats such as direct harvest, entanglement in fishing gear, and loss of their nesting habitat.

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Tybee Island was named by the Indians who came from the interior to hunt and fish. Settled since the beginning of the colony of Georgia, it was the scene in 1775 of the first capture by the first Provincial vessel commissioned by any Congress in America for naval warfare in the Revolution, when a Georgia schooner captured an armed British vessel laden with military stores. In 1776 the royal Governor, Sir James Wright, broke his parol [sic] and escaped to a British man of war in Tybee Roads. The Council of Safety ordered all Tybee houses sheltering British officers and Tories destroyed and a raid on the Island by the Patriot forces accomplished this purpose.

In 1779 a large French fleet under Count d'Estaing anchored off Tybee for two months during the siege of Savannah by the French and American forces. In the War Between the States, Federal troops erected batteries here for the reduction of nearby Fort Pulaski. Troops were trained on Tybee Island during both World Wars.

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Crusoe Island Drive with Lazaretto Creek, Bridge, and Goat Point in the background.

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Tybee Island

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